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Chemotherapy cost in India, Cost of Chemotherapy in India, Chemotherapy in India, Chemotherapy Treatment India, Cost Chemotherapy Treatment,
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| Chemotherapy Treatment in India |
Chemotherapy is a general term for treatments that use chemical agents (drugs) to kill cancer cells. Many different kinds of drugs are used, either alone or in combination, to treat different cancers. The specific drug or combination used is chosen to best combat the type and extent of cancer present.
Chemotherapy drugs are tested against various forms of cancer in an effort to find out which drugs work against that particular type of cancer. Multiple drugs, each individually effective against a certain cancer, are often combined to try and maximize the effect against the cancer. Drugs are combined so that there are few overlapping side effects, to make the treatment more tolerable. These combinations are then tested in clinical trials to see how effective they are. If a combination works better than the current "standard" treatment, it will become the new standard therapy.
Cycles of Chemotherapy may be given daily, weekly or monthly for various periods of time. Time between cycles allows the body to recover from the ill effects of chemotherapy. The traditional ways to administer therapy include injections in the vein (IV), muscle or tumor; oral treatment (pills); or topical applications. Doctors determine the best way to administer chemotherapy based on the type and stage of cancer and the medications to be given.
Newer forms of Chemotherapy are being developed and tested research centers throughout the world. Many of these drugs are based on an understanding of the biological differences between normal cells and cancer cells. These treatments are often referred to as "targeted therapies." The hope is that these treatments will target the cancer cells only and spare normal cells, or at least greatly reduce the side effects of therapy.
Chemotherapy Drugs are given for several reasons:
- To treat cancers that respond well to chemotherapy
- To decrease the size of tumors for easier and safer removal by surgery
- To enhance the cancer-killing effectiveness of other treatments, such as radiation therapy
- In higher dosages, to overcome the resistance of cancer cells
- To control the cancer and enhance the patient's quality of life
Types of Chemotherapy Drugs
Drugs that generally kill cancer cells are referred to as cytotoxic agents.
Common types of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy drugs include:
- Alkylating Agents modify/damage cancer cell DNA and block the replication of DNA, therefore interfering with the growth of cancer cells.
- Antimetabolites block the enzyme pathways needed by cancer cells to live and grow.
- Antitumor antibiotics block certain enzyme and cancer cell changes, thus affecting DNA.
- Mitotic inhibitors slow cancer cell division or hinder certain enzymes necessary in the cell reproduction process.
- Nitrosoureas impede enzymes that repair DNA
Other drugs used in cancer therapy include:
- Hormonal agents target the hormonal processes that may stimulate cancer cell growth and/or survival.
- Biological agents affect natural processes that may stimulate cancer cell growth and survival.
- Immunotherapy is intended to boost the recognition of cancer cells by the body's immune system, thereby helping the body to kill cancer cells.
- Cellular therapy involves the use of immunologic cells that selectively destroy cancer cells.
- Signal transduction inhibitors are given to disrupt abnormal processes present within cancer cells and are necessary for the growth or survival of cancer cells.
- Radiopharmaceuticals are substances that have been marked with radioactive markers to selectively deliver radiation therapy to cancer cells.
- Anticancer antibodies are specially engineered antibodies given with the goal of selectively targeting cancer cells for removal by the immune system.
- Anticancer vaccines contain agents intended to help the immune system more readily recognize cancer cells as foreign (and thus attack them).
- Anticancer viral therapies involve giving viruses to patients with the hope that the virus will selectively kill cancer cells. (This treatment is currently highly experimental.)
- Gene therapies introduce DNA/genetic material into cancer cells in hopes of either restoring them to normal or killing them. (This treatment is currently highly experimental.)
Chemotherapy Treatment India, Cost Chemotherapy Treatment, Chemotherapy India, Low Cost Chemotherapy India, Chemotherapy Treatment Hospital India, Chemotherapy Treatment in Delhi-info provided by www.surgerytoursindia.com
Chemotherapy is given in different ways depending on the cancer type and the drugs used.Methods of giving chemotherapy drugs include :
- Intravenously (IV) - injected into a vein
- Intramuscular (IM) - injected into a muscle
- Intraperitoneal (IP) - injected into the abdominal cavity
- Intracavitary (IC) - injected into a body cavity
- Subcutaneous (sub.q.) - injected just under the skin
- Oral (PO) - as a pill or a liquid to be swallowed
How chemotherapy kills cancer cells
- Chemotherapy circulates throughout your body in the bloodstream. So it can treat cancer cells almost anywhere in the body. This is known as systemic treatment.
- Chemotherapy kills cells that are in the process of splitting into 2 new cells.
- Body tissues are made of billions of individual cells. Once we are fully grown, most of the body's cells don't divide and multiply much. They only divide if they need to repair damage.
- When cells divide, they split into 2 identical new cells. So where there was 1 cell, there are now 2. Then these divide to make 4, then 8 and so on.
- In cancer, the cells keep on dividing until there is a mass of cells. This mass of cells becomes a lump, called a tumour.
- Because cancer cells divide much more often than most normal cells, chemotherapy is much more likely to kill them.
- Some drugs kill dividing cells by damaging the part of the cell's control centre that makes it divide. Other drugs interrupt the chemical processes involved in cell division.
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How well Chemotherapy works
The chance of the chemotherapy curing your cancer depends on the type of cancer you have.
- With some types of cancer, most people are cured by chemotherapy
- With other types of cancer, fewer people are completely cured
Examples of cancers where Chemotherapy works very well are Testicular cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma.
With some cancers, Chemotherapy can't cure the cancer on its own. But it can help in combination with other types of treatment.
For example, many people with Breast or Bowel cancer have chemotherapy after surgery to help lower the risk of the cancer coming back.
With some cancers, if a cure is unlikely, your doctor may still suggest chemotherapy to:
- shrink the cancer
- relieve your symptoms
- give you a longer life by controlling the cancer or putting it into remission
Risk of Chemotherapy
The following list is an overview of possible short- and long-term side effects that can occur as a result of chemotherapy. Keep in mind that some side effects are temporary, and others can be minimized through medication and management by your doctor.
- Hair loss
- Nausea and vomiting
- Infection
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Nerve pain
- Muscle pain
- Mouth sores
- Temporary loss of menstrual periods
- Decrease in red blood cells and/or white blood cells
- Early menopause/loss of fertility
- Weight gain
- Heart disorders
- Leukemia
- Sexual dysfunction
- Urinary incontinence
- Cognitive complaints (e.g., memory lapses, slower processing of information)
Chemotherapy Treatment in India
Latest drugs with clinical research back up are offered in chemotherapy treatment at leading cancer hospitals in India. World class chemotherapy treatment in India at cancer hospitals in India.
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